2015
(November)
PHILOSOPHY
(Major)
Course: 501
(Logic - Indian)
Full Marks: 80
Pass Marks: 32
Time: 3 hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
1. Find out the correct answer: 1x8=8
- Indian logic is called Nyaya since 6th century/1st century BC.
- Jainism/Buddhism is associated with the relativity theory of knowledge.
- The great work on Indian logic entitled ‘Tattvacintamoni’ has been written by Gautama/Gangesa.
- Pramana is the Karana/Karana of Prama.
- According to Nyaya epistemology, ordinary perception (Laukika pratyaksa) is classified into five/six types.
- Avyabhicari or Unerring is one of the characteristics of Prama/Pramana according to Jayanta Bhatta.
- Paksata/Vyapti is the logical ground of Anumana.
- “Sky lotus is fragrant” is an example of Asrayasiddha/Vyapyatasiddha Hetvabhasa.
2. Write short notes on any four of the following: 4x4=16
- Contributions of Buddhist logic to Indian thought.
- Pramana as the instrumental cause of Prama.
- Buddhist concept of perception.
- Constituents of Anumana in Nyaya philosophy.
- Viruddha as one of the Hetvabhasas.
3. Discuss the development of Indian logic with reference to its three disciplines – orthodox Hindu logic, Buddhist logic and Jaina logic. 12
Or
Determine the relation of logic and epistemology from Indian perspective. Do you consider epistemology to be a part of logic in Indian philosophy? 10+2=12
4. How many Pramanas are recognized by Nyaya philosophy? Determine the nature of Prama with special reference to its characteristics – truth and novelty. 1+10=11
Or
Define Pramana and determine its characteristics. 2+9=11
5. Define Pratyaksa (perception) from the perspective of Nyaya. Explain the stages of perception as recognized by Nyaya epistemology. 3+8=11
Or
What do you mean by Arthapatti? Write the importance of it as one of the Pramanas in Mimamsa philosophy. 3+8=11
6. What is the Pramana of inferential cognition? Explain its various types as admitted by Uddyotakara. 1+10=11
Or
What is Vyapti? What are its different forms? Explain with suitable examples. 3+8=11
7. Is reason a constituent of Anumana? Explain the marks of valid reason with examples. 1+10=11
Or
What do you mean by Hetvabhasa? How many Hetvabhasas are recognized by Nyaya philosophy? Explain Savyabhicara as one of the Hetvabhasas. 11
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