Sociology 331 Solved Assignment 2021-22 | NIOS Senior Secondary Solved Assignment 2021 - 22

 NIOS Senior Secondary Solved Assignment 2021 - 22
Session 2021-22 Sociology (331)
Tutor Marked Assignment
Max Marks: 20

Note:

(i) All questions are compulsory. The Marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions.

(ii) Write your name, enrollment numbers, AI name and subject on the first page of the answer sheet.

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.   2   
(a) Do you think, sentiments have a background of historical and cultural legacy? Give examples to support your answer (See Lesson 7)

Ans: Sentiment: Sentiments are closely related to beliefs. A sentiment denotes ‘what we feel’ about the world. Sentiments are the products of the experience and cultural training. Sentiment may be of various types, i.e. intellectual, ethical and religious, etc. sentiments also have a background of historical and cultural legacy. As we know, it was the divide and rule policy of British which created such a strong and deadly religious sentiment among the Hindus and Muslims during the colonial times. Hindus had lived with Muslim for one thousand years without ever encountering a deadly and explosive situation as was the case during the British period.

समाजशास्त्र  (331)| Sociology 331 NIOS Free Solved Assignment 2021 – 22 (Hindi Medium)

(b) 'Informal sanctions, both positive and negative, are routine features of every society'. Examine the statement. (See Lesson 8)

Ans: Answer any one question

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.     2
(a) Justify how Cooperation is an associative social process? (See Lesson 10)

Ans: Co-operation is a process, which is highly essential for the maintenance of social order. Therefore, co-operation is considered as associative social process. It is a universal phenomenon. If we are to live as members of the society, we cannot do without co-operation. Co-operation is goal-oriented and conscious form of social interaction. It involves two elements:- (i) Common end, and (ii) organized effort. All the individual members have a common end, i.e. celebration of the festival. But they can do it only when all members co-operate with one another in an organized manner.

(b) Describe how norms are reflection of values? (See Lesson 8)

Ans: Answer any one question

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.              2
(a) How each status does typically include number of roles? Explain with examples. (See Lesson 9)

Ans: Answer any one question

(b) In your opinion, acculturation is a conscious or unconscious process? Justify your answer. (See Lesson 11)

Ans: Acculturation could be either a conscious or an unconscious process. People borrowing the culture traits of other groups might be aware of the fact that they are borrowing or they might do it without realizing that these are being borrowed by them. Acculturation takes place when two or more communities belonging to different cultures come together and start adopting each other’s culture trait. So it is a two way process of culture change. Both the groups involved undergo some change. Acculturation does not take place overnight. It takes a long time before the members borrow the culture traits from other communities. But the time taken for acculturation is definitely shorter than the time taken for assimilation. So in comparison to assimilation, acculturation consumes relatively less time.

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.         4
(a) How Pluralism as one of the traditional values prevails in Indian Society? Describe with examples. (See Lesson 8)

Ans: Answer any one question

(b) State the relationship between norms and values with suitable examples. (See Lesson 8)

Ans: Values may be defined as a measure of goodness or desirability. They provide general guidelines for conduct. In this sense they are often referred to as “higher order norms.” But norms are given much more specific meaning. They define appropriate and acceptable behaviour in particular situations. Values are cherished only through the observance of norms. The relationship between the two can be made clear by the following example. A society may cherish the value of “privacy”. This value provides only a general guide to behaviour. Norms define how the value of ‘privacy’ is translated into action in particular situations and circumstances. For instance, norms relating to privacy may insist that person ‘letters must not be opened without permission etc.

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.   4
(a) Distinguish between ascribed roles and achieved roles with examples. (See Lesson 9)

Ans: Answer any one question

(b) "Culture is not inborn". Explain the statement with examples from your own experience. (See Lesson 11)

Ans: Culture contact operates in all societies and groups. It is possible only when people are desirous of accepting the new traits and continue to follow old traits.

 Culture is not inborn. After birth an individual learns cultural values, practices, traditions and norms while growing up in the given physical and social environment. On the other hand there is nothing called pure or pristine culture. Cultural insulation in an absolute sense is not possible. No culture can survive in isolation. A culture is a dynamic process characterized by continuity and change.

Culture contact is facilitated by modern means of transport and communication. Such contacts between members of two different cultures help in mutual borrowing of different cultural traits. For example, the areas affected are art and artifacts, dress and food habits, language and literature, practices and rituals in their economic, social and religious life at. Such borrowing is visible more in material culture and values, which are more or less common. Mostly in the process of acculturation, borrowing of such cultural traits reflects influence of dominant culture on those which are either numerically smaller or are new comers or immigrants. Acculturation means transmission of cultural elements from one social group to another. Sometimes it could also be the other way round.

6. (a)Prepare any one project out of the given below:          6

Undertake a survey with 10 families in your neighbourhood. Interview 10 males and females whose children are going to school to find out their educational level, working hours and roles and responsibilities. Based on their roles and responsibilities in different settings, make a comparative analysis of the roles of male and female in the family?

Different kind of roles and responsibilities in family.	Task performed by Male Head in the family	Task performed by Female Head in the family
1. Overall Household care
2. Taking care of elderly members
3. Taking care of relatives
4. Healthcare of children
5. Education of children

Ans:

Different kind of roles and responsibilities in family.	Task performed by Male Head in the family	Task performed by Female Head in the family.
1. Overall Household care	Overall good	Better than male head
2. Taking care of elderly members	Overall good, making them more responsible by their self	Taking more care of elderly members round the clock.
3. Taking care of relatives	Not giving too much time to relatives.	Spending much time than Male head
4. Healthcare of children	Batter, teaching them how to be care full about health, how much important is the health.	Batter, teaching them how to be care full about health, how much important is the health.
5. Education of children	Very much serious about the education of children due to the future competition of education. Always asking them about their home work helping them in study explaining things with suitable example and by many ways.	Very much serious about the education of children due to the future competition of education. Always asking them about their home work helping them in study explaining things with suitable example and by many ways.

(b) Locate and visit the nearest secondary school where you live. Write a detailed note on kind of functions performed by different teaching and non-teaching staffs and school management committee members for smooth functioning of teaching learning programme in school. Based on your observation, write how each of them cooperate each other in the school.

Ans: Answer any one question

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