Business Studies - Question Paper Pattern and Question Bank for 2026 Exam

[Business Studies Important Questions, AHSEC Class 12,  Business Studies Question Paper Pattern, Important Questions for 2026 Exam]


AHSEC Class 12 Business Studies Question Paper Pattern

Total Marks: 80 | Total Questions: 34

Syllabus

Units

Topics

Marks

Part-A

Principles and Function of Management

 

Unit-1

Nature and Significance of Management.

06

Unit-2

Principles of Management.

06

Unit-3

Business Environment.

06

Unit-4

Planning.

06

Unit-5

Organising.

08

Unit-6

Staffing.

06

Unit-7

Directing.

08

Unit-8

Controlling.

06

Part-B

Business Finance and Marketing

 

Unit-9

(a) Financial Management.

06

 

(b) Financial Markets.

08

Unit-10

Marketing Management.

08

Unit-11

Consumer Protection.

06

 

Total (Theory)

80

Part-C

PROJECT WORK

20

 

Total (Theory + Project)

100

Question Paper Pattern

Q. No. Range

No. of Questions

Marks per Question

Total Marks

Type of Question

1 – 20

20

1

20

MCQs

21 – 25

5

3

15

Short Answer

26 – 28

3

4

12

Medium Answer

29 – 31

3

5

15

Long Answer

32 – 34

3

6

18

Long Answer

Total

34

 

80

 

How to write answers

3 Marks Questions – 50 to 75 Words

4 Marks Questions – Upto 150 words

5 & 6 Marks Questions – Upto 200 words 

Business Studies Important Questions for 2026 Exam

Unit – 1: Nature and Significance of Management

Q.1. What is Management? Mention features/characteristics/nature of Management. 07, 09, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 22, 2024

Q.2. What are the objectives and Importance of management?  2008, 2010, 2012, 2019, 2020

Q.3. “Management is a science and also an art”. Comment. Why management is not an exact science?  2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2019

Q.4. “Is management becoming a profession”? Discuss in light of emerging trend.  2008, 2016, 2023

Q.5. List out functions/ Elements of Management.   2008, 2018

Q.6. What is levels of management? What are its various categories? Write down the difference between levels of management on various basis.

Q.7. Who are considered to be the operative management in an organization? State functions of lower level management?   2009, 2013, 2018

Q.8. Who are considered to be the MIDDLE LEVEL management in an organization? State functions of Middle level management?  2015

Q.9. Who are regarded as Top level management in a business organization? State functions of Top mgt.? 07, 22, 24, 2025

Q.10. What is coordination? What are its features? Mention its importance.  2007, 2010, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2023, 2025

Q.11. What is the result of an effective co- ordination? Distinguish between coordination and co-operation and co-ordination and control.

Unit – 2: Principles of Management

Q.1. What are Management Principles? Write down the characteristics (Nature) of management principles. 2008, 2011, 2017

Q.2. Explain briefly the NEED/IMPORTANCE of management principles? Or Why proper understanding of management principles is necessary? 2018, 2019

Q.3. List out Fayol’s 14 general principles of management. 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2022

Q.4. Define the principle of unity of command and unity of direction. What can be the consequences if this principle is violated? 2009, 2013, 2023

Q.5. Define Scientific Management. What are its characteristics and Objectives? What are the advantages and criticism of scientific management to the workers? 2008

Q.6. What are various principles of scientific management? Explain the importance of principles of scientific management. 2025

Q.7. Explain Taylor’s principles of Scientific Management.        2008, 2009

Q.8. Discuss the various techniques/Elements of scientific management. 2007, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2024 (Time Study and Motion Study.)

Q.9. Taylor’s techniques of management are universally applicable. Do you agree? Give any four reasons in support of your answer.

Q.10. “Taylor’s principles of scientific management and Fayol’s principle of management are mutually complementary “. Do you agree? Considering the above statement, write a brief note on the similarities and dissimilarities between Taylor’s and Fayol’s contributions.            2016

Q.11.Write a detailed note on contribution of FW Taylor and Henry Fayol. 2025

Q.12. Distinguish between scientific management and general management. 2023

Unit – 3: Business Environment

Q.N.1.What is business environment? Explain the features and importance of business environment. 2010, 2011

Q.N.2. State the features of the industrial policy 1991. Or Mention the changes initiated by the government of India since 1991.                          2013, 2024

Q.N.3. Explain the impact of environment policy changes on business and industry after 1991.  2008, 13, 16, 18, 19, 2020

Q.N.4. What is “liberalisation”? Mention its process and objectives.          2010, 2016

Q.N.5. What is privatization? Mention the steps taken by government for Privatisation.

Q.N.6. What is Globalisation? Mention its merits and demerits. What are its impact?        2008, 2023

Q.N.7. State the features of LPG model. (Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation)   2019

Q.N.8. What is truly globalised economy? Mention various obstacles to globalisation.

Q.N.9. Explain in detail various components of Business environment. 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2024, 2025

Q.N.10. What is demonetization? Explain its features and benefits.

Unit – 4: Planning

Q.1. Define planning. What are various types/methods/kinds of plans?   2008, 2009, 2011, 2018

Q.2. Distinguish between –

- Objectives and policies,

- Rules and methods,

- Policy and Strategy

- Procedures and Policies. 2008, 2010, 2013

- Procedures and methods

- Policies and rules.         2016

Q.3. State five features of Planning.         2011, 2015, 2017, 2025

Q.4. Explain the characteristics (Essentials) of a sound plan.          2008, 2024

Q.5. Discuss the importance of Planning.                               2007, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2016

Q.6. What is Planning Process? Discuss the process or steps in the process of Planning. 2007, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2016, 2019, 2022

Q.7. Discuss the Limitations of Planning.  or Why does planning fail sometimes in spite of the best efforts of management? Planning does not guarantee success.” Comment. 2010, 2015, 2018, 2023, 2024, 2025

Q.8. What is planning premises? Explain its various types. 2024

Q.9. Explain the advantages of Laying down objectives and procedures.  2015

Unit – 5: Organising

Q.1. What is Organising? Mention its nature or characteristics.    2008, 2010, 2015, 2024

Q.2. Discuss the steps of Organising. 2016, 2020, 2022, 2024

Q.3. Discuss various principles of organising.

Q.4. Why is organising considered an important function of management? Give any six reasons.  2007, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2016, 2020

Q.5. Write a note of Formal Organisation and informal organisation with difference, merits and demerits. 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2023, 2025

Q.6. What is organisational structure? Mention the points to be taken into consideration while framing organisational structure. What are its two types?           2007, 2015, 2019

Q.7. What is meant by functional structure? Give its features, merits & demerits.     2017

Q.8. What is meant by divisional structure? Give its features, merits and demerits.            2015, 2018, 2022

Q.9. State any two circumstances in which Divisional organization structure is more suitable.        2013

Q.10. What do you mean by Delegation of authority? Mention its elements (Responsibility, Authority and Accountability). Distinguish between authority and responsibility.             2009, 2016, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023

Q.11. State five advantages of Delegation of Authority. (Importance of Delegation of authority or Necessity of Delegation in every Business organisation) 2009, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2020, 2025

Q.12. What is Centralisation? How Centralisation differs from decentralisation? 2015, 2017

Q.13. What is Decentralisation? Mention its Importance.            2010

Q.14. Distinguish between Delegation of Authority and Decentralisation 2008, 2011, 2013, 2018, 2019     

Q.15. What are the barriers to effective delegation of authority? How these can be improved?          2007, 2009, 2011

Q.16. “Authority can be delegated but responsibility cannot.” Explain. 2008, 2010, 2013

Q.17. Distinguish between functional structure and divisional structure. 2020

**********************************

ALSO READ : For AHSEC Class 12 Business Studies

1. AHSEC CLASS 12 BUSINESS STUDIES CHAPTERWISE NOTES

2. AHSEC CLASS 12 BUSINESS STUDIES QUESTION PAPERS (FROM 2012 TILL DATE)

3. AHSEC CLASS 12 BUSINESS STUDIES SOLVED QUESTION PAPERS (FROM 2012 TILL DATE)

4. AHSEC CLASS 12 BUSINESS STUDIES IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

5. BUSINESS STUDIES MCQs

**********************************

Unit – 6: Staffing

Q.1. What is Staffing? Discuss the features and importance of staffing.    2007, 2010, 2016, 2020, 2024

Q.2. What are the steps involved in the staffing process? Explain briefly? 2012, 2015, 2016, 2019, 2022, 2024, 2025

Q.3. What is Human Resource management? Explain the relationship between Staffing and Human resource management.

Q.4. Explain the significance of HRM.

Q.5. What is recruitment? Explain its process.

Q.6. What is internal source of recruitment? Mention its merits and demerits. State the Internal source of recruitment. 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2022

Q.7. What is external source of recruitment? Mention its merits and demerits. State five methods for external recruitment.                      2008, 2012, 2014, 2022, 2024

Q.8. What do you mean by Selection? Briefly describes the steps in the selection process?

Q.9. What is training, Education and development? Discuss any two advantages of training and development to the organization and to the employees?                       2008, 2012, 2020

Q.10. What do you mean by on the job training? Mention its various methods.                    2011, 2017

Q.11. What do you mean by off the job method of training? Enumerate various method of off the job training?  2016, 2018, 2020

Q.12. Differentiate between:

- Training, education and development on the bases of purpose and focus.            2016

- Internal source of recruitment and external source of recruitment

- Recruitment and Selection.                       2007, 2015, 2018, 2020

Unit – 7: Directing

Q.1. What is directing? Discuss the various Principles of Directing.              2015, 2018

Q.2. What are various elements of Directing? Explain. 2025

Q.3. Mention the features and importance of directing.  2011

Q.4. What is Supervision? Discuss in brief the functions of a Supervisor (Importance of supervision).  08, 10, 11, 16, 2020, 2025

Q.5. What is Motivation? Explain its feature and importance.       2012, 2013, 2014, 2023, 2025

Q.6. State various types of needs that govern human motivation according to Maslow.    2013, 2016

Q.7. Difference between directives and supervision.        2022

Q.8. Discuss five monetary/financial Incentives and five non-monetary incentives. 2013, 2017, 2022

Q.9. Define Leadership. Mention its importance? What are the essential qualities of a Leader? 2010, 2012, 2013, 2016, 2025

Q.10. Discuss various types of leadership styles.

Q.11. “All managers are leaders but all leaders are not managers.” Considering this statement, distinguish between Leadership and Management.

Q.12. Define Communication. Explain its process and purpose.

Q.13. Discuss the Importance of Communication.              2012, 2022, 2024

Q.14. Mention the barriers to effective communication. State the measures that can be taken to reduce the barriers to effective communication.            2013, 2015, 2017, 2023, 2025

Q.15. What is formal and informal communication? State three features, advantages and two limitations of Formal and Informal communication.             2007, 2014, 2024

Q.16. Distinguish between Formal communication and Informal communication. 2015

Q.17. Explain various forms of business communication.

Q.18. Distinguish between oral and written communication.

Unit – 8: Controlling

Q.1. What is controlling? Explain its nature or Characteristics.

Q.2. Discuss the importance and limitations of controlling.  2009, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2022, 2023

Q.3. Explain the relationship between planning and controlling.  2008, 2011, 2015, 2018, 2022, 2024

Q.4. Explain briefly the various steps in the process of control.  2009, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2017, 2020, 2024

Q.5. What is meant by ‘Budgetary Control’? State it’s any four advantages.  2022

Q.6. Describe in Brief the essentials of an effective control system (Any Five).    2007, 2009, 2014, 2017, 2020, 2022

Q.7. Mention various techniques of managerial control.  2012, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2023

Unit – 9: Business Finance/Financial Management

Q.1. What is meant by ‘Financial management’ Discuss its role and objectives.    2013, 2014, 2017, 2019, 2022, 2024, 2025

Q.2. What are various types of financial decisions or finance functions? Explain them briefly.         2016, 2017, 2020

Q. 3. Discuss in brief the factors affecting capital structure. OR ‘Determination of capital structure of a company is influenced by a number of factors’ explain six such factors.                           2012, 2014, 2016, 2019, 2020

Q.4. What is dividend decision? What are the factors affecting dividend decision of a company?  2012, 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025

Q.5. What is fixed capital? Explain its importance. Explain briefly five factors determining the amount of fixed capital. 2015, 2018

Q.6. What is meant by Working capital? How is it calculated? Discuss five determinants of working capital requirements.                                2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2022, 2024, 2025

Q.7. Mention the need and importance of Working Capital.           2015

Q.8. Distinguish between fixed capital and working capital.                            2015, 2018

Q.9. What are the different sources of fixed capital and working capital? Briefly discuss.  2023, 2024

Q.10. What is financial planning? What are its three aspects? Mention its objectives and importance. 2015, 2017, 2018, 2020

Q.11. “To avoid the problem of shortage and surplus of funds, what is required in financial management? Name the concept and explain four points of importance.                  2015

Q.12. Mention various role and functions of a Finance Manager.                2014, 2017

Unit – 10: Financial Markets

Q.N.1. What is financial market? What are its components? Mention its functions.                            2015

Q.N.2. What is money market? Explain its nature and functions.                 2015, 2018, 2020, 2024

Q.N.3. Explain the various Money market instruments.  2013, 2015, 2017, 2022, 2023, 2025

Q.N.4. What is Capital Market? What are its components? Explain its features and importance.   1999, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2024

Q.N.5. Distinguish between Capital market and Money market.  2012, 2014, 2018, 2019, 2020

Q.N.6. What is primary and secondary market? What are its features? State four differences between primary market and secondary market. 2013, 2014, 2017, 2022, 2024

Q.7. What is stock exchange? Mention its features. “Stock exchange is the barometer of the economy” In the light of the statement, discuss the functions of the stock exchange.          2012, 2013, 2016, 2020, 2023

Q.N.8. “SEBI is the watchdog of the securities market” Do you agree? Give four reasons to support your Answer.  2013, 2014, 2018, 2020             

Q.N.9. State five objectives of SEBI.  2012, 2014

Q.N. 10. State three objectives and advantages of NSEI and OTCEI.     2019

Q.N.11. State three features of NSEI and OTCEI. Distinguish between NSEI and OTCEI. 2022

Q.N.12. Explain the trading procedure on NSEI. OR Explain the procedure of trading on the stock exchange.

Q.N.13. Explain various mode of raising capital in the Primary Market.

Q.N. 14. Mention various types of operators in stock exchange.

Unit – 11: Marketing

1. What is Marketing? What are the important features of Marketing? Explain the role of marketing. 2023

2. What are various functions of Marketing?  2012, 2014, 2018, 2020, 2022, 2025

3. Differentiate between Marketing and Selling. Or Selling is Product oriented and Marketing is Customer orientated. Explain.                2014, 2017

4. Write a Brief note on traditional and modern marketing concept.

5. What is marketing mix? What are its elements (4 P’s)? What are its features?  2012, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2019, 2024

6. What is product? What are its features? Mention its various classes.    2017

7. What is Branding? Write the characteristics of goods brand name. What are its Advantages?   2016, 2022

8. What is a labeling? What are its Functions?

9. What is meant by Packaging? Explain its functions and importance.                      2013, 2016, 2018

10.  What is price and pricing mix? Explain the factors determining fixation of price.  2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2019, 2025

11. What is meant by channel of distribution? What are its various types? What are the factors affecting choice of channel of distribution? 2013,

12. What is physical distribution of goods? Mention its components. Explain the role of physical distribution.  2016

13. What is promotion mix? Mention its various dimensions or elements? Also explain them.       2015

14. What is advertising? Explain its role and Limitations.  2012, 2013, 2014

15. Is advertising a social waste? Give your views? Or What are the limitations of advertisement?               2014

16. What is personal selling? What are its features? What are the qualities of a good salesman? Explain the importance of personal selling to customers?                                              2016

17. What is Sales Promotion? Mention its merits and demerits.

18. Explain sales promotion techniques/Model: (a) Rebate (b) Product combination (c) Lucky Draw (d) Contest (e) Discounts 2012

19. Differentiate between:

- Advertising and personal selling.             2019

- Advertising and publicity.           2018, 2020, 2024

- Advertising and Sales Promotion.

Unit – 12: Consumer Protection

Q.N.1. Explain briefly the meaning of “consumer” with reference to Consumer Protection Act 1986. Who cannot be considered as consumer?

Q.N.2. Define consumer protection? What are the salient features and objectives of Consumer Protection Act?

Q.N.3. Who can file a complaint under the CP Act 1986 and under what circumstances? What are the features of a “Complaint”?                     2019

Q.N.4. How Complaints are filed? What are the remedies/reliefs available to consumers under the Consumer Protection Act 1986?             2016, 2017, 2020

Q.N.5. Explain in brief rights and Responsibilities of consumers as provided under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.  2012, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2024, 2025

Q.N.6. State any Five functions perform by Consumer organisation and Non-Government Organisation. 2013, 2015, 2018, 2022, 2023

Q.N.7. Explain the importance of consumer Protection act from the point of view of consumer?  2014, 2018, 2023

Q.N.8. Explain the need/importance for consumer protection from the point of view of business.  2013, 2016

Q.N.9. Explain any five ways and means of consumer protection followed in India.

Q.N.10. What type of judicial machinery is there to deal with consumer grievances and disputes?

Q.N.11. Enumerate the various acts passed by the Government of India which helps in protecting the interest of the consumers.

Q.N.12. What is Consumer welfare? What is the significance of the concept called ‘consumer welfare’? 2023

0/Post a Comment/Comments

Kindly give your valuable feedback to improve this website.