Logic and Philosophy Question Paper' 2015
AHSEC Class 12 Question Papers
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 30
Time: 3 hours
The figures in the
margin indicate full marks for the questions
a) “The
premises of an inductive inference offer certainty for the truth of the
conclusion”. – Is it true?
b) Which
of the following statements is true?
1) The
law of causation is a material ground of induction.
2) Observation
and the law of causation are the formal grounds of induction.
3) Observation
and experiment are the formal grounds of induction.
4) None
of the above statements is true.
c) “Observation
is finding a fact and experiment is making one.” – Who did say this statement?
d) Which
one of the following statement is incorrect?
1) Observation
is a perception with a definite purpose in view.
2) Observation
is a perception of natural events.
3) Observation
is not a perception of events under natural conditions.
4) In
observation, the natural events are not full under the control of observer.
e) Which
is the last stage of hypothesis suggested by Mill’s definition of hypothesis?
f) What
is the meaning of condition of ‘testability’ of valid hypothesis?
g) “When
heat is applied to ice, then ice melts. When heat is not applied to ice, then
ice does not melt. Therefore, heat is the cause of the melting of ice.”
Name the experimental method employed in the above argument.
h) “The
possibility of the doctrine of the plurality of causes cannot frustrate the
method of agreement.” – Is it correct?
i)
Who among the following philosophers is not an
idealist?
1) Berkeley.
2) G.
E. Moore.
3) Bradley.
j)
Name the philosopher associated with the
statement – “Thought and Reality are at bottom identical”.
k) What
is the meaning of the Latin word ‘Religare’?
l)
Mention any one similarity between Religion and
Morality.
2.
State two points of difference between deduction and induction. 1x2=2
3.
Define bad analogy with suitable example. 1+1=2
4.
State any two characteristics of analogy. 2
5.
Define material cause with an example. 1+1=2
6.
Briefly explain any one criticism against Mill’s paradox of induction. 2
Or
Why
Mill’s paradox of induction is said to commit the fallacy of petition principia
or fallacy of arguing in a circle? 2
7.
What do you mean by a working hypothesis? 2
8.
Briefly explain any one condition of a valid hypothesis with the help of a
suitable example. 2
9.
Why do some logicians regard the method of agreement as a method of single
agreement? 2
10.
Give a concrete example of joint method of agreement and difference. 2
11.
What are primary qualities? Give example. 1+1=2
12.
Briefly express any two characteristics of objective idealism. 2
Or
Briefly
express any two points of criticism against objective idealism. 2
13.
State any two essential characteristics of religion. 2
14.
What is induction? State two differences between deduction and induction. 2+2=4
15.
“All inferences are analogical at bottom.” – Explain the significance of this
remark. 4
16.
What is a condition? Briefly explain positive and negative condition with the
help of suitable example. 1+3=4
17.
What do you mean by fallacy of mal-observation? Distinguish between individual
mal-observation and universal mal-observation with the help of suitable
example. 1+3=4
Or
Distinguish
between fallacy of non-observation of essential instances and fallacy of
non-observation of essential circumstances with the help of suitable example. 4
18.
Distinguish between explanatory hypothesis and descriptive hypothesis. 2+2=4
19.
What is a crucial instance? Briefly explain a crucial instance obtained by
experiment with the help of a suitable example. 2+2=4
20.
State two advantages and two disadvantages of the method of difference. 2+2=4
Or
State
two advantages and two disadvantages of the method of residues. 2+2=4
21.
What do you mean by naïve realism? State any two differences between naïve
realism and scientific realism. 2+2=4
Or
What
do you mean by naïve realism? Briefly express any two points of criticism
against this type of realism. 2+2=4
22.
Briefly express any four characteristics of naïve realism. 4
Or
Briefly
express any four characteristics of scientific realism. 4
23.
What is habitual action? Why is this type of action regarded as object of moral
judgement? 2+2=4
24.
Define the method of agreement in your own words and give a concrete example of
this method where we proceed from effect to cause. Why is this method called
pre-eminently a method of observation? 2+2+2=6
Or
Define
the method of residues in your own words. Why do some logicians regard this
method as a method of deduction? Explain. 2+4=6
25.
What is Berkeley’s subjective idealism? On what grounds Berkeley has said that
primary and secondary qualities are inseparable? 2+4=6
Or
Critically
discuss objective idealism of Hegel. 6
26.
Briefly discuss any three of the different elements involved in the mental
stage of voluntary actions. 2x3=6
Or
What
do you mean by non-moral actions? Briefly explain any five non-moral actions. 1+5=6
27.
Critically explain any one of the following views: 6x1=6
a) Religion
is the source of morality.
b) Morality
is the source of religion.
c) Religion
and morality are independent of each other.
Also Read: AHSEC Class 12 Logic and Philosophy Question Paper
Logic and Philosophy Solved Question Papers' 2014
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